Perfect Vision? 20
Tips to Keep It That Way
You’ve been told you have 20/20
vision, which is about as good as it gets.
But life can take a toll on our eyes. Fortunately, we can take
steps to protect our sight. For 2020:
Year of the Eye, the American Academy of Ophthalmology presents 20
tips to keep your eyes in top shape no matter what turns life takes.
Wherever you go ...
From home to work to travel or play, eyes can get hurt. Common
sense can prevent
many of these eye injuries.
1. At home: The
comforts of home can pose threats
to the eyes. Cooking, yard work or gardening, cleaning and home
improvement projects top the list. Did you know oven sprays and bleach-based
cleaners can permanently damage the surface of the eye? An accidental
splash into the face can cause scarring and blindness.
Safety glasses or other protective
eyewear can shield your eyes from most of these hazards. In
the kitchen, lids or grease shields on sizzling pans prevent
spattering oil from reaching the eye. When cleaning, read product labels first.
They usually have information on eye safety. Don’t mix cleaning products, which
can result in hazardous combinations. In the garden, brimmed hats offer
protection along with glasses to avoid getting poked in the eye by a twig or
bush. Same goes for home improvement projects.
2. At work: People
who work outdoors or with heavy equipment or chemicals tend to get
more injuries than office workers. The best way to prevent eye
injuries if you work outdoors? A familiar message: Glasses,
goggles or physical eye protection. "Grinding metal is
particularly dangerous, because small shards can penetrate all the way into the
eye and need emergency surgery. I’ve seen it so many times," says
ophthalmologist and Academy spokesperson Natasha Herz, MD, a specialist in
cataract, cornea and LASIK surgery.
But even gazing
at computer all day can cause eyestrain. If you work in the
office, sit at least an arm’s length from the screen, take regular eye breaks
and look away from the computer. Use artificial tears if you develop dry
eye and keep your screen brightness similar to the room light.
3. At
celebrations, festivals, parties: You’re out for a night of
celebration. Why worry about your eyes? If your event includes popping
champagne bottles or dazzling fireworks, your eyes are at risk. The best
prevention: distance. Aim
that champagne bottle away from people and cover the cork with
a towel before opening to slow its pop. Home fireworks are fun but
risky. Stick with professional firework displays. If you find
yourself at a backyard fireworks show, put plenty of distance
between the yourself and explosives. Supervise children at all
times. Don’t touch duds; put them in water. Don’t launch fireworks from glass
or ceramic containers.
Whatever you do ...
Whether you have an active lifestyle or are taking it easy, your
eyes are vulnerable to unhealthy conditions. Most of these can be avoided with
simple safety measures.
4. Playing
sports: Exercise is good for your health, including your eyes! But
some sports
are riskier than others for the eyes. This includes anything with a
ball or racquet. The number one way to prevent
sport-related eye injuries is by wearing eye
protection, glasses or a helmet with a safety visor.
5.
Exploring the great outdoors: Nature is also good for our
health, whether exercising or quietly taking in the beauty. Most risks to eyes
come from sunlight and allergic
reactions to pollen. Bee
stings or insect bites can also be nasty to the eyes, but are
rare. Whenever you’re heading into the sun, wear
sunglasses — even in the winter. If
you get itchy, red eyes outdoors, see a doctor about allergies.
There are many medicines that can help.
6. Traveling
the world: Going for pleasure or business? Travel
tips for healthy eyes include packing sunglasses, extra
prescription glasses, drops
for dry eye, which is common on airplanes. Bring plenty of contact
lens solution and extra contacts. Don’t wash your lenses in water! If your eye
becomes red, painful or sensitive to regular indoor light, see an
ophthalmologist immediately — no matter where you are. Don’t wait until you get
home.
7. Smoking: We
all know smoking isn’t good for our health, and can easily damage
the eyes. Cigarette smoking is linked to many eye
diseases, from cataracts to macular degeneration. Exposure to
secondhand smoke is also hard on the eyes, especially for
children. Even if you don’t smoke, do your best to avoid
second-hand smoke.
8. Dining
and drinking: We’re learning more every day about nutrition
and our eyes. Dark green, leafy vegetables such as kale and
spinach contain
vitamins that nurture nerve tissue inside the eye. Orange
vegetables such as carrots and squash also boost
eye health. A diet rich in plant-based foods and low in
saturated or animal fats is best.
9. Applying
makeup and cosmetics: A few
steps will help make sure your beauty regime isn’t hurting your
eyes. Don’t share make-up, which can spread bacteria. Throw away eye makeup
after three months and get new products. Infection-causing bacteria grow easily
in creamy or liquid eye makeup. Side note about liners and lashes: Apply
eyeliners outside the lash line, and never close to your eye. Steer clear of
tattooed eyeliner — this can make your eyelids permanently swollen,
dry and irritated, a condition called blepharitis.
Avoid glitters. Thoroughly remove makeup before going to bed. If you use Latisse, a
prescription eyelash enhancer, follow your doctor’s directions carefully. Only
get eyebrow
coloring or shaping from a professional. If your eyes have
an unusual reaction to any cosmetic such as persistent pain or redness, see an
ophthalmologist.
10. Playing
with children: Romping with kids can be a joy. But some
toys and activities are dangerous
for little eyes. Kids should wear eye
protection or helmets with visors for many sports such as
football, baseball and hockey. Projectile toys are never safe for toddlers.
Adults should always supervise this kind of play in older children. Nerf
dart guns with hard-tipped bullets, air
guns and bows and arrows are especially dangerous, Herz says.
"Many parents think these guns are safe because they're Nerf.
Not so! Kids will shoot you at point blank range in the eye and never
think it could cause terrible damage. Everyone needs to wear eye protection if
they are going to play with these toys. Always. Or just don’t buy them,"
she adds.
No matter your stage
of life ...
Your family's
health history plays a big role in your vision. This is true
regardless of ethnic or racial
background. Let your ophthalmologist know if certain eye
conditions — such as macular
degeneration, retinitis
pigmentosa and corneal
dystrophy — run in your family. Many inherited diseases benefit
from early treatment.
11.
Pregnancy: Some eye
changes are normal during pregnancy. This includes blurry vision or dry
eye. If such changes last after you’re a new mom, talk to your
doctor. If you’re pregnant and have diabetes, you face other
risks and should have your eyes screened early in the
pregnancy.
12. Early
childhood: The eyes
are constantly changing in the first years of life. What’s good
for the eyes is also good for the rest of a child’s health – spend time
outdoors, get fresh air and eat lots of fruits and vegetables. Common sense eye
protection includes cabinet and drawer locks, so your child can’t reach toxic
cleaning products, knives or other dangers. Staying up on vaccines is
also important. If you notice injuries or changes in a child’s
eyes, schedule an eye exam.
What about electronic screens? Just like with adults, kids
eyes can suffer from long periods at the screen. Screen eyes are
prone to dry
eye or eyestrain.
"There are multiple studies showing prolonged near work induces
nearsightedness. This is the biggest danger of hours of screen time," Herz
says.
13.
College: College
students practically live at their computers or phones.
"Big point for college students: Don't sleep in your contacts!" Herz
says. Doing so can lead to a nasty eye infection, causing scarring and
permanent vision loss. "If you do sleep in your lenses and wake up
with a red, painful eye, remove the contacts immediately and see and
ophthalmologist." An urgent care center will not be able to diagnose or
treat this type of infection, she adds. Also important: Don’t share makeup.
Fight stress with sleep and a healthy diet.
14.
Adulthood: Vision
screenings become especially important during adulthood. By the
time you’re 40, you should have a baseline eye screening by an ophthalmologist.
If you have diabetes or wear contacts, you need eye exams earlier and more
often.
15. Golden
years: Eyes age along with the rest of the body. It can be hard
to know what’s a sign of normal aging, and what needs
medical attention. Starting at around age 40, for example, you may notice
blurry close-up or near vision. This is called presbyopia and
it's fairly common. But blurry vision sometimes signals a more serious eye
condition such as macular
degeneration. Same thing for dry
eye. This is common as we age. But it can also be a sign of an
underlying illness such as rheumatoid
arthritis. Pay close attention to worsening symptoms and get
regular eye screenings by an ophthalmologist. Regular screenings improve the
chances of catching and treating eye diseases before they damage your vision.
Early treatment is the key to lasting health.
When life takes an
unexpected turn ...
16.
Migraine: Many people who get migraine
headaches experience early warning signs such as vision changes.
Seeing flashes, zigzag lines, colors and shimmers can indicate a migraine is on
the way. Nausea is also common. Several medications are effective in treating
migraines. Talk to your doctor to find the best one for you.
17. Pinkeye
and infectious diseases: Pinkeye
(also known as conjunctivitis) happens when the tissue covering
the whites of your eye gets irritated. It’s usually caused by an infection
(viral or bacterial) or allergies. Pinkeye caused by a virus or bacteria is
highly contagious. The treatment for pinkeye depends on the cause. Antibiotic
eye drops are usually needed for bacterial pinkeye. There’s no treatment for
viral pinkeye except waiting for it to clear, which it will. Cold compresses on
the eyelids can reduce discomfort. Over-the-counter drops can help
conjunctivitis caused by allergies.
18.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): People don’t know that
most STDs can
affect the eyes. This includes herpes, syphilis,
gonorrhea, venereal warts, HIV/AIDS and
pubic lice. Infections can spread to the eyes. Practicing safe sex is the best
way to protect your eyes from STDs. Diagnosis is essential to a full recovery.
If you think you have an STD or have been exposed to one, see a doctor
immediately. Today, many effective treatments can cure STDs or reduce symptoms
for a normal quality of life.
Regular eye screenings
are important!
19. Keep
your health on track: One of the best tools for caring for your
eyes is regular medical screening. This is especially true for adults. Many eye
diseases progress without symptoms such as glaucoma. You
don’t know you have it until your vision is affected. Early detection and
treatment greatly improves the chances of saving vision, and slowing glaucoma
blindness.
20.
Catch underlying health conditions: Regular eye
exams can detect a surprising number of non-eye diseases such
as arthritis, diabetes and
even Alzheimer’s
disease. Medical advances in eye care are helping
ophthalmologists save vision and boost overall health.
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